Thyroid Cancer Incidence Among Population Who Lived Close to Acting Atomic Facility in Childhood
I.A. Martinenko, N.A. Koshurnikova, M.E. Sokolnikov (Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Russia)
Necessity of cancer incidence studies among the residents of Ozyorsk, as the nearest settlement to Mayak PA, is supported by the fact that uncontrolled gas-aerosol emissions mainly 131I to the atmosphere took place in the initial years (1948-1962) of operation of the enterprise.
In the cohort of persons residing as children in Ozyorsk in that period, age- and sex-related thyroid cancer incidence rates and relative risk of thyroid cancer incidence in men and women significantly (2–3 times) exceeded those in the national and regional statistics. The correlation between dose and effect was not observed. It could be associated with using group doses due to lack of individual doses. Also we found practically two fold increase of thyroid cancer risk for “rural” individuals compared to “urban” residents associated with dietary patterns, which were likely to cause an increased intake of radioactive iodine.
幼年時代に稼働原子力施設の近隣に居住していた住民の甲状腺がん発生率
I.A. Martinenko, N.A. Koshurnikova, M.E. Sokolnikov (Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Ozyorsk, Russia)
マヤーク核技術施設に最も近い居住地であるオジョルスクの住民に対するがん発生率調査の必要性は、施設の操業当初（1948～1962年）にガス-エアロゾル（主に131I）が無制御で大気に放出された事実により裏付けられている。その期間にオジョルスクで幼年時代を過ごした者の集団において、年齢と性別に関わる甲状腺がん発生率と男女での甲状腺がん発生の相対的リスクは国や地域の統計値を大幅に（2～3倍）上回っていた。線量と影響との相関は認められなかった。個人線量が不明なことから集団線量を用いたのと関連している可能性がある。放射性ヨウ素の摂取量が多くなる可能性のある食習慣に関連し、「田舎の」住民が「都会の」住民より甲状腺がんリスクが実質2倍高いことも分かった。
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